1. MORE:-Using TYPE command we can
see the content of any file. But if length of file is greater than 25 lines
then remaining lines will scroll up. To overcome through this problem we uses
MORE command. Using this command we can pause the display after each 25 lines.
Syntax:- C:\> TYPE <File name> | MORE
C:\> TYPE ROSE.TXT |
MORE
or
C:\> DIR | MORE
2. MEM:-This command displays free and
used amount of memory in the computer.
Syntax:- C:\> MEM
the computer will display the amount of memory.
3. SYS:- This command is used for
copy system files to any disk. The disk having system files are known as
Bootable Disk, which are used for booting the computer.
Syntax:- C:\> SYS [Drive name]
C:\> SYS A:
System files transferred
This command will
transfer the three main system files COMMAND.COM, IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS to the
floppy disk.
4. XCOPY:- When we need to copy
a directory instant of a file from one location to another the we uses xcopy
command. This command is much faster than copy command.
Syntax:- C:\> XCOPY < Source dirname > <Target
dirname>
C:\>
XCOPY TC TURBOC
5. MOVE:- Move command is used
for moving one file or multiple files from one location to another location or
from one disk to another disk.
Syntax:- C:\> MOVE <file name> <path
name>
C:\SONGS>
MOVE *.MP3 C:\ SONGS\OLD SONGS\
C:\>
6. FC:-(File Compare) This
command is capable for comparing two set of files and display difference
between two files.
Syntax:- C:\> FC <First set of file> <Second set
of file>
C:\> FC ROSE.TXT
GULAB.TXT
7.CHKDSK:-(Check disk) - This
command is used to check the status of a disk and show the report of result
status.
Syntax:- C:\> CHKDSK
|
C:\>CHKDSK |
8. SORT:- This command is useful
when we want to sort a file. When we run this command the result can be get to
display device or file.
Syntax:- C:\> SORT /R < Input file name>
<output file name>
Suppose we have a file Player.txt which having the list of a cricket player
team and we want to sort the list of players, then we uses this command
C:\> SORT
Player.txt
If we not specify the output file name then result will show to
the screen.
/R- switch is used for sorting the file in descending order like
from Z to A or from 9 to 0.
9. FIND:- The FIND command is
used to search a file for a text string.
Syntax:- C:\> FIND "String to search" <File name>
C:\TEST>find
"office" gulab.txt
---------- gulab.txt
A clock in a office can never get stolen
10. DISKCOPY:- DISKCOPY
copies the contents of a external disk
to another.
Syntax:- C:\> DISKCOPY <Drive1>
<Drive2>
C:\> DISKCOPY
G: H:
This command will be copy all contents of A drive to B drive.
11. ATTRIB:- Sets the various
type of attribute to a file. Like Read only, Archive, Hidden and System
attribute.
Syntax:- C:\> ATTRIB [± r] [± a] [± h] [± s] <File name>
here r - for read only, a- for archive, h -
for hidden, s - for hidden attribute.
C:\> ATTRIB +r
Gulab.txt
This command will change
the attribute of file gulab.txt to read only mode. To remove the read only
attribute we will follow this command.
C:\> ATTRIB -r
Gulab.txt
12. LABEL:- If you are not
happy with the volume label of hard disk, you can change it.
Syntax:- C:\> LABEL
C:\>LABEL
Volume in drive C is JAI
Volume Serial Number is 3E42-1907
Volume label (11 characters, ENTER for none)? INFOWAY
13. DOSKEY:- Once we install
doskey , our dos will star to memorize all commands we uses. We can recall
those commands using up or down arrow keys. It also gives the facility to
create macros, which creates a short key for long keyword or command.
Key function for Doskey are given as-
|
UP,DOWN |
arrows
recall commands |
|
Esc |
clears
current command |
|
F7 |
displays
command history |
|
Alt+F7 |
clears
command history |
|
F9 |
selects
a command by number |
|
Alt+F10 |
clears
macro definitions |
Syntax:- C:\>
DOSKEY
DOSKey installed
Creating Macros:-
C:\>doskey t=time
C:\>t
C:\>time
Current time is 3:39:05.97p
Enter new time:
To list out all macros defined just type DOSKEY/MACROS at dos prompt and press
enter.
C:\>DOSKEY/MACROS
$D=date
T=time
14. FORMAT:- This command
creates new Track & Sectors in a disk. Every
Syntax:- C:\> FORMAT [drive name] [/S]
C:\> FORMAT A:
this command will create
new track & sectors.
C:\> FORMAT A: /S
This command will
transfer system files after formatting the disk.
